Journal of Al-Tamaddun

Sumbangan Izz al-Din Ibn Abd Salam (m. 660H) dalam Perkembangan Sejarah dan Tamadun Islam

2024-09-13T00:56:48+08:00

Izz al-Din Ibn Abd Salam was one of the most significant figures in the history of Islamic development, particularly in the field of Islamic jurisprudence. His firmness and unwavering principles earned him great respect from both leaders and society, to the extent that he was honoured with titles such as al-Sultan al-Ulama and al-ba’i al-Umara. His contributions to religion and society were so profound that he was appointed as a mufti in two different kingdoms. Despite his influence, research reveals that discussions regarding the factors that contributed to his outstanding prominence remain scarce. This paper aims to examine the factors that shaped the character and prominence of Izz al-Din Ibn Abd Salam throughout his life. The study adopts a qualitative research methodology, gathering data through literature review and analysing it using inductive, deductive, and thematic methods. The research finds that Izz al-Din Ibn Abd Salam was a man of strong principles and firm in defending his views, as evidenced by his fatwas, which were immune to influence by individuals with vested interests. Various factors influenced his distinguished stature, including his scholarly knowledge, socio-political environment, societal influences, and his steadfast adherence to religious beliefs.

Musu' Selleng: Deconstruction of the Text and Context of Islamization in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

2024-01-28T15:34:22+08:00

This article discusses the Musu’ Selleng in the process of Islamization in South Sulawesi in the 17^th century. The data is presented using the historical method with a deconstruction approach to the text of historical events in the past. Islamization in South Sulawesi is often associated with political practices and community activities during the maritime trade network that strengthened the position of Islam as the religion of society in the past. This paper reveals that the Islamization process in South Sulawesi has unique dynamics based on text analysis and the context of events that influence the Islamization process has two important meanings in Indonesia, namely as a socio-religious role and a political role that strengthens the structure and order of a community. The expansion of Islam in South Sulawesi was influenced by the three major Islamic powers, namely Gowa-Tallo, Bone, and Wajo, which positively impacted the development of Islam in South Sulawesi. The main objective of this article is to try to deconstruct the historical events of Islam in South Sulawesi based on the texts and contexts that influenced their development. The integration of the Islamization process in South Sulawesi will strengthen the view of the current currents of Islamization that are developing in Indonesia.

Hikayat Seri Kelantan: Pensejarahan Konflik dan Perang Saudara serta Pengukuhan Dinasti Long Yunus di Kelantan

2023-10-14T16:15:43+08:00

Using Malay manuscripts as historical sources is increasingly used by researchers. This study is significant, as Malay manuscripts were written not only by order of the king, but some of them were produces by the Malays, from their own lenses, experiences, and their own specific purposes. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to analyse the Hikayat Seri Kelantan as an important historical source in understanding the history of conflict and civil war in Kelantan during the 18^th and 19^th centuries. The next objective is to identify the consolidation of the Long Yunus Dynasty in Kelantan, even during the civil war period. This study uses the qualitative approach within the historical discipline. Through the library method, Hikayat Seri Kelantan is the main reference, alongside other sources. The period of study was the 18^th and 19^th centuries, from when Long Yunus was established as first ruler of Kelantan and when civil war broke out among his heirs. The findings highlighted key historical information regarding the founding of the kingdom of Kelantan from Hikayat Seri Kelantan. The study also proved that his descendants such as Long Muhammad, Long Tan and Long Senik Mulut Merah played significant roles in addressing internal conflict and consolidating their power over the throne of Kelantan.

Menilai Semula ‘Kegagalan Islamisme’ Berdasarkan Sejarah dan Perkembangannya di Turkiye

2024-11-05T06:06:54+08:00

Studies on Islamism have been extensively conducted, including that of Olivier Roy on the ‘failure of Islamism.’ According to Roy, Islamist movements are bound to fail due to the difficulties of adapting Islamic political ideas to contemporary political contexts. Roy’s perspective is shared by several other scholars, who view this failure from different perspectives. This study aims to revisit the failure of Islamism. The views of scholars supporting this premise are consolidated under ‘the failure of Islamism thesis,’ which is objectively assessed in this study. The assessment focuses on the history and development of Islamism in Turkey, given its ability to endure within a secular setting and still perceived as an ideal model to emulate. The failure of Islamism thesis asserts that Islamists are unable to adapt to modernity and contemporary contexts, that they ideologize Islam for political purposes while neglecting its spiritual dimension, adopt extreme approaches to achieve their aims, and are likely to transition toward post-Islamism. This study argues that the failure of Islamism thesis does not fully capture the reality of Islamism in Turkey. Islamism in Turkey has shown its ability to adapt to current realities, focusing more on service-oriented politics than on the ideologization of religion, and consistently opting for a moderate, non-revolutionary approach. Nonetheless, a shift towards post-Islamism is apparent in Islamism in Turkey, considering its history and development. Overall, this study contends that the failure of Islamism thesis is not universally applicable. Islamism in Turkey demonstrates that Islamists have not encountered failure but instead have successfully adapted to circumstances that require flexibility.

Kitab Kuning and Religious Moderation: A Study on State Islamic Universities in Indonesia

2024-01-17T13:25:13+08:00

Indonesia is a multi-religious country that is constantly seeking ways to promote religious moderation. One of the recently adopted strategies is to empower Kitab Kuning, which are the classical source books used in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools), at Maʻhad al-Jāmiʻah of State Islamic Universities. The objective of this study is to provide qualitative-descriptive analyses of the contents of Kitab Kuning related to religious moderation, the teaching methods of Kitab Kuning, and the extent to which moderation is practiced in Maʻhad’s daily life. The data for the study were obtained through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, site observations, and content analyses of related documents. The participants were heads of Maʻhad al-Jāmiʻah, instructors, students, and administrators. The data was processed using the procedures suggested by Miles and Huberman. The findings indicate that Maʻhad al-Jāmiʻah intentionally uses Kitab Kuning to propagate basic values of Islam Wasatiyah, such as love, respect, balance, modesty, justice, and fairness. The teaching strategies adopted at Maʻhad are based on pesantren’s tradition with a focus on contextualization, which enables the moderation values to be implemented in students’ daily lives. These values have played a vital role in maintaining healthy relations between students from different cultural and religious backgrounds. Therefore, Kitab Kuning should be seen as an alternative strategy to ensure Islam Wasatiyah in Indonesia. The fact that the learners are university students is significant, as they can propagate moderation into the wider society once they graduate.

Islam in Japan: from Confinement to Muslim-Friendly

2023-10-14T16:42:33+08:00

Islam is a minority religion in Japan. The development of religions originating from outside Japan experienced a vacuum during the closure of Japan in the Tokugawa era. However, the Meiji Restoration and the United States occupation of Japan after the Second World War brought about a mental revolution in Japan, leading to the acceptance of new values and diversity. The growth of Islam globally has also influenced the development of Islam in Japan. This article aims to explain the development of Islam in Japan up to contemporary times. The research is historical and the sources were collected through library research. The data sources for this research include news, reports, statistics, journal articles, and books about Islam and its history in Japan. The analysis process uses a social history approach. The research indicates that Islam began to develop its preaching after opening up, the United States revolution, and the 1973 oil crisis. Japan has developed positive relations with Muslim countries by protecting Muslims in practicing their worship and embracing their beliefs. The global growth of Muslims has also encouraged Japan to develop halal tourism, which has become a popular issue in the contemporary era. However, the Japanese government does not want to interfere in the issue of religious education, as it is separate from formal school matters. Additionally, the availability of Muslim burial grounds is still constrained due to cultural differences.

Unveiling the Journey Beyond: Understanding the Factors Influencing Pilgrimage Tourists' Revisiting Intention to Mecca

2024-05-12T14:03:18+08:00

This qualitative study explores the multifaceted variables that influence pilgrimage tourists’ intention to return to Mecca, the holiest site in Islam, using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory. Every year, millions of Muslim pilgrims from around the globe converge on Mecca. Determining the factors influencing their intention to revisit is imperative for enhancing the overall pilgrimage experience and effective destination management. This study delves into the critical elements of the S-O-R model through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis to understand how pilgrimage tourists’ perceptions of Mecca as a destination (Stimulus), individual characteristics and experiences (Organism), and responses to the pilgrimage experience (Response) interact to shape their intention to revisit the sacred site. The results can help pilgrimage organizers, religious authorities, and tourism partners create meaningful and gratifying pilgrimage experiences while building long-term pilgrim loyalty to Mecca.

Vernacularisation of Acehnese Literature and Religious Works in the 19th Century AD: A Philological Approach

2023-06-26T12:32:36+08:00

This article discusses the development of local translation and the transformation of literature and religious works into the Acehnese language. Even though this literature and religious works had appeared since the 17^th century AD, significant progress only found momentum in the 19^th century. Employing a philological approach, this study analyses written manuscripts using descriptive and analytic methods to explore the vernacularisation of Acehnese literary and religious works. The research reveals that in the 19th century, there was a development of literary and religious writings in the Acehnese language, along with the decline in the role of Malay as a regional language in Southeast Asia. This shift is evidenced by a number of local Acehnese literary works written in the Jawi script (Arabic-Acehnese). On the one hand, this transition reflects the waning influence of the Malay language in Aceh. Still, on the other hand, they have become the momentum for translating and transforming religious values for the people of Aceh.

Violence of the Anti-Islamic Discourse: Analysis of Pope Urban II and His Speech at the Council of Clermont

2024-10-04T10:05:07+08:00

The impact of an impassioned speech on an audience is undeniable. Throughout history, influential speeches have played a significant role in major turning points and new beginnings. The Crusades, within the context of the ‘power of speech’, have been a crucial period in history. This article focuses on Pope Urban II, the driving force behind the Crusades, and his speech at the Council of Clermont. His life, path to the papacy, and activities thereafter have been primarily examined to understand the background of the Crusades. The article then explores topics including the oppression of Eastern Christians, the vandalism of religious sites, the seizure of Bayt al-Maqdis, and the mistreatment of pilgrims, all of which were cited in the Pope’s speech as justifications for the Crusades. These were discussed and analysed through the data recorded in the chronicles of the period as the text of the speech. The analysis has focused on the violent elements in the anti-Islamic discourse, which are seen as the main problem. Additionally, the article discusses the Pope’s use of incitement in his speech to rally support for the Crusades. It shows how he persuaded Catholic societies to join the expedition, ultimately leading to the Crusades. The article concludes that the armies of the First Crusade, which set out for the East due to the Pope’s intense efforts, did not hesitate to apply violence against Muslims based on the Pope’s discourse in the places they occupied.

From Integration of Islam-State to Integration of Ummah-State: The Biography of Buya Hamka

2023-05-31T23:25:53+08:00

This article discusses Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (HAMKA) as a political figure. The discussion is centered on his political role during the Parliamentarian Democracy, Guided Democracy, and the New Order eras. Historical-biography approach is employed in this study as there were very few of literature on Hamka as an activist of political movement. Current studies on Hamka is heavily focused on his figure as an Ulama and a litterateur. Hamka’s role as a political activist, either in political practices or in the process of influencing public policy are often neglected. This study concluded that in general, Hamka’s political actions are aimed to make Islam and Islamic ummah as an important factor for Indonesia as a state. Hamka interpreted this objective into various actions based on the challenge of the era. During the parliamentarian era, Hamka’s political movement was aimed at integrating Islam into Indonesian Constitution. Whereas during the Guided-Democracy era, his political actions were intended to protect the ummah from anti-religious ideology (communism) that strongly dominated the state power at that time. Finally, in the New Order era, Hamka’s political movement were intended to integrate Islamic ummah into the process of the state life.

From Alienation to Industrialization: Hijab Activism and the Transformation of Indonesian Urban Society from Late 1970s until Today

2024-05-13T17:53:00+08:00

This study aims to analyze the emergence and the dynamic development of hijab in Indonesia since the end of the 1970s. The spread of hijab was started by a few Indonesian urban Muslim women who became aware that wearing hijab is an obligation in Islamic law. They were influenced by a new wave of Islamic da’wah germinated in Indonesian urban setting. The initial use of hijab by students in public schools was seen suspiciously by the Indonesian government and was banned, causing alienation for the wearers. However, the ban was later lifted and its usage was recognized and spread in the society. The increasing number of Indonesian middle-class Muslim women who wore hijab has opened up the market for hijab industry and encouraged producers to be more creative in introducing their newest hijab products. The appearance of hijab communities, the support of the Indonesian government, and the development of online business and international halal industry in the last few years have played important roles in the rapid expansion of the industry. This study uses historical method and is strengthened by a number of primary sources, including interviews with several key players in this field. This research shows the pattern and phases of hijab transformation in the last four decades, which developed from alienation into a lucrative business and industry.

Kegiatan Ilmu Pengetahuan Berasaskan Islam di Johor dalam Era Imperialisme British, 1914-1941

2024-09-14T18:08:49+08:00

The discussion in this paper focuses on Islamic knowledge-based activities in Johor from 1914 to 1941, during British imperialism. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that knowledge activities in Johor are still ongoing due to the presence of Islamic-based educational institutions and the availability of authoritative scientific materials for the community at that time. This point is highlighted because throughout the period of British imperialism in Johor, there were things that threatened the position of Islam such as the spread of Christianity as well as issues related to social problems. This article covers the period between 1914, when the British General Counsel was accepted in Johor, and 1941, right before the Pacific War began. Efforts to intensify the knowledge activities were done in a structured manner among the Malay rulers, Islamic religious leaders, and the efforts of individuals in society. Research on documents from selected archives was made using qualitative methods through the analysis of certain documents. The documents were retrieved from the National Archives of Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur and the National Archives of Malaysia Johor Branch. The documents were analyzed to create a systematic and instructive debate based on the discipline of history. In addition, secondary scholarly sources such as journal articles, books, and theses were used to complement the narrative of the discussion. The research concludes that the presence of Islamic-related educational institutions, as well as the availability of authoritative scientific materials, strengthened knowledge activities in Johor despite the British expansion of imperialism policy.

The Iron Wall Doctrine by Vladimir Ze’ev Jabotinsky and Benjamin Netanyahu’s Israeli Regime Stance towards Palestine: A Prolongation of the Zionist Revisionist Ideology

2024-09-14T17:25:47+08:00

This study discusses the political thoughts of the Revisionist Zionists after the First World War, with a special focus on the Iron Wall Doctrine mooted by its eminent leader, Vladimir Ze’ev Jabotinsky, in 1923. Subsequently, this discourse will examine the extent to which the Iron Wall doctrine and Jabotinsky’s political idealism are embodied in the current Israeli government’s stance towards Palestine, led by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Based on historical methodology analysis, the essay asserts that Netanyahu’s government is acting according to the Iron Wall Doctrine constructed by Ze’ev Jabotinsky, particularly in the recent Gaza genocide campaign. The most important historical sources analysed in the study are the writings of Jabotinsky himself - The Iron Wall and The Ethics of the Iron Wall, published in 1923. In the Iron Wall Doctrine, the revisionist Zionists believe that a Jewish majority state could be achieved and maintained in Palestine through the will of the Zionists and the repression of the indigenous population, in other words, the Palestinians. Currently, the political ideology of the Likud government and Netanyahu can be interpreted as the prolongation of the right-wing weltanschauung established by Jabotinsky in the 1920s. The finding of this study concluded that the Iron Wall Doctrine and radical political idealism propagated by Jabotinsky are adhered to and practised by the current Israeli government led by Benjamin Netanyahu in addressing the Palestine uprising.

Exploring Jalaluddin Rumi’s Hermeneutic of Love, Patience and Destiny in Relation to the Meaning of Life

2024-06-04T13:19:21+08:00

Jalaluddin Rumi (1207 – 1273 CE) was a prominent Muslim poet of the Middle Ages, renowned for his profound poetry, which reflects a synthesis of Sufi philosophy and aesthetic language. The enduring significance of his work, alongside its inherent values, has consistently invited critical analysis. This article seeks to examine Rumi’s poetry, specifically focusing on the themes of love, patience, and destiny, through a hermeneutical lens. The findings indicate that the poetry of Jalaluddin Rumi articulates the connection between humanity and the Divine, particularly through the exploration of these three interconnected themes. It can be posited that the acceptance of one's fate or destiny signifies an expression of love toward God, even when such a fate may be perceived as unfavorable. Consequently, patience emerges as a necessary course of action, as it is understood that underlying any given destiny is God’s invisible love, which becomes apparent over time. The development of meaning pertaining to life within this context suggests that individuals should endeavor to comprehend their existence in this world as part of a divine narrative orchestrated by God, who has meticulously arranged it to be optimal and perfect.

The Critical Engagement with Modern Knowledge in the Writings of Malek Bennabi

2024-09-12T23:53:38+08:00

This paper explores the intellectual contributions of Malek Bennabi, focusing on his engagement with modern knowledge, and its implications for addressing the challenges faced by Muslim civilization. It examines Bennabi’s critical perspective on the interpretations of history, the social sciences, Western Centrism, and the modernity discourse, and how his approach reflects both a creative openness to diverse fields of knowledge and a critical stans to their worldviews, concepts methodologies, and end products. The paper finds that by integrating modern knowledge advancements while maintaining a critique of their underlying assumptions, Bennabi aimed to lay the groundwork for social and civilizational renewal within the Muslim Ummah. His work advocates for a balanced approach, combining critical dialogue between modern Western knowledge and Islamic worldview, heritage, and teachings, to overcome stagnation and activate the civilizational potential of Muslim societies in the modern era.

Religious Tolerance among Indonesian Islamic University Students: The Pesantren Connection

2024-10-07T00:38:32+08:00

This study examines how Pesantren education shapes religious tolerance among students at Islamic universities in Indonesia. Pesantren, traditional Islamic boarding schools, offer a distinct educational experience that emphasizes religious, moral, and social development, setting them apart from formal education. Using a survey of 1,004 students from three Islamic universities in mid-2023, the study investigates key dimensions of religious tolerance through Welch’s t-test. This statistical method was chosen for its ability to handle unequal variances across groups, making it suitable for comparing tolerance levels between Pesantren and non-Pesantren attendees. The analysis reveals that Pesantren attendance significantly enhances interfaith tolerance, particularly in promoting respect for diverse religious practices and fostering open-minded attitudes. These findings highlight the critical role of Pesantren in nurturing tolerant perspectives within Islamic academic environments. The study offers practical recommendations for integrating interfaith dialogue into Islamic education curricula and developing policies that support social cohesion in Indonesia’s diverse society. Furthermore, by applying Social Identity Theory, this research illustrates how religious identity formation within Pesantren contributes to broader social harmony and tolerance. The findings have important implications for educators and policymakers seeking to create more inclusive and tolerant learning environments.

The Development of Malay Religious Magazine Publications in Malaysia Post-Independence, 1960-1970

2024-12-18T15:58:16+08:00

Since the early 20th century, magazines have served as pivotal instruments in Islamic outreach, and their development continued to grow after Malaysia’s independence. In this new phase for Malaysia, religious magazines underwent a significant phase of growth, marked by the emergence of various publications produced by different publishing bodies. This expansion was driven by an increasing religious consciousness within the Malay society, encompassing both government and non-government initiatives. However, the documentation and the history of religious magazine publications during this period remain insufficiently explored. Accordingly, this study examines the development of religious magazine publications between 1960 to 1970, highlighting their profiles as well as their content. This qualitative research utilises documentation as its primary data collection method and applies content analysis with an inductive approach to interpret the findings. The study reveals that a total of ten religious magazines were published during this period comprising five published by religious authorities, three by non-governmental Islamic organisations, and two by private and commercial entities. Despite originating from different publishing orientations, all these magazines shared a common objective which is to disseminate Islamic teachings and values through written works, fostering a deeper understanding of Islam and promoting Islamic outreach within the Malay community.

Manifesting the Crusaders’ Instinct for Violence in the Context of the Capture of Antioch

2024-11-02T10:20:25+08:00

This paper scrutinises the ideological foundations and violent practices of the Crusaders during the First Crusade, focusing specifically on the massacre at Antioch in 1098. It posits that the Crusaders’ notion of divine salvation was inherently linked to the brutalisation of non-Christian populations, particularly Muslims, whom they perceived as adversaries to Christian faith and sovereignty. By conducting a comparative analysis of Crusader and Muslim sources, this study investigates the development of a Crusader ethos that legitimised mass slaughter as a divinely sanctioned act. Antioch, a strategic waypoint en route to Jerusalem, held significant religious importance for Christians, thereby intensifying Crusader aggression. This massacre, driven by religious zeal and demographic ambitions, precipitated a transformative shift in the city’s populace and symbolised the Crusaders’ determination to re-establish Christianity in the East. Chronicles from the period, including those by Raymond d’Aguilers and Peter Tudebode, vividly describe the slaughter, often depicting it as fulfilling God’s will. The paper underscores how Crusader narratives celebrated this violence as divine retribution, setting a precedent for subsequent massacres in Maara and Bayt al-Maqdis. Ultimately, this study enhances our understanding of the Crusader mindset, particularly how it rationalised extreme violence against perceived ‘infidels’ as essential to fulfilling a holy mandate. The findings highlight the complexities of Crusader ideology, shaped by theological, cultural, and geopolitical factors, which influenced European perspectives on the Eastern world for centuries to come.

From Colonial Legacies to Contemporary Challenges: The Muslim Experience in Hong Kong and Macau

2024-09-28T19:25:21+08:00

This study explores the multifaceted challenges faced by the Muslim communities in Hong Kong and Macau, two cities characterized by their unique colonial histories and contemporary socio-economic dynamics. Despite the constitutional guarantee of religious freedom, Muslims in these regions encounter significant barriers to integration, including social prejudices, economic hardships, and limited access to educational resources. The objective of this research is to analyse these challenges and their implications for the Muslim population, utilizing a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis. The findings reveal a persistent cycle of poverty exacerbated by misconceptions about Islam and cultural differences, highlighting the urgent need for targeted government interventions and community engagement strategies. This research underscores the importance of fostering ethnic harmony and enhancing the visibility of Muslim contributions to society, ultimately recommending a collaborative approach involving local authorities, community leaders, and educational institutions to promote inclusivity and understanding.

التحليل الإيديولوجي والمنهجي عن الحفريات الإسرائيلية في القدس والمسجد الأقصى المبارك

2024-07-02T09:10:55+08:00

This study aims to analyse alternative cultural awareness among nations, understanding the intellectual invasion strategies and accompanying colonial normalization policies. This research employed a critical and analytical approach, comparing information gathered from previous literature, institutional documents, Jerusalem archaeological institutes, and daily observations stemming from a long-standing work in the city. It utilized scientific and unbiased analytical methods, particularly in conflict settings, drawing on the settler colonial theory and the Copenhagen School of Security Studies. The study found that these excavations, from their inception, have been ideologically driven with a biblical settler agenda as their primary methodology in dealing with archaeological evidence and Arab historical records on this land. The main objective is to entrench biblical narratives as historical realities, even though falsification and distortion, including erasing and Judaizing all evidence contradicting Jewish beliefs. This serves the broader aim of entrenching the colonial Zionist entity in Palestine and fulfilling the so-called biblical concept of "Greater Israel" in the heart of the Arab world.

مواقف العلماء من الدولة الأموية في مرحلة التكوين والبناء ٤١-١٣٢هـ / ٦٦١-٧٥٠م: دراسة في الروايات التاريخية المبكرة

2024-01-19T18:07:03+08:00

The study deals with the attitudes of the Muslim scholars towards the Umayyad state. It addresses the attitudes of the scholars who opposed the Umayyad rule and refused to cooperate and deal with the state, in addition to their attitudes towards the issue of revolt (revolution). This attitude could be seen since they called to overthrow the Umayyad by participating in either some movements and revolutions, or by opposing these movements and calling the people to detach themselves from such movements through avoiding any participation with the state. This is in addition to their refusal to use force as a way of change because it might cause strife (fitna) among Muslims. The study also addresses the attitude of the scholars, who provided the Umayyad rulers with advice and guidance, and tried to direct them towards highest values of Islam through achieving justice and equality among people. The study also tackles the attitudes of those jurists whom supported strongly and stood by the state though holding and assuming important positions, including judiciary in particular, as they considered the Umayyad state the legitimate one that should not be opposed in whatever way including the revolution.

Juline Beaujoun and Amjed Rasheed (2020). Syrian Crisis, Syrian Refugees: Voices from Jordan and Lebanon. London, Palgrave Macmillan, 163 pages (hardback), ISBN 978-3-030-35015-4

2024-07-23T15:41:56+08:00

This edited volume by Juline Beaujouan and Amjed Rasheed, former Durham University researchers, provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the Syrian refugee crisis on Lebanon and Jordan from social, cultural, and economic perspectives. Comprising 11 chapters, each authored by different experts, the book underscores the critical challenges and responses of these two countries to the refugee influx, revealing a complex political landscape aimed at delegitimizing the Syrian regime.

Jaan S. Islam and Adem Eryiğit (2022). Islam and The State in Ibn Taymiyya: Translation and Analysis. London: Routledge. 290 Pages. ISBN 978-1-032-13185-6

2024-10-14T13:13:43+08:00

The concept of Islamic politics has undergone significant transformations from its traditional comprehension to its application in the modern context. Hence, it is crucial to look at the thoughts of influential figures in Islamic history to understand how this discourse evolved and its implications in the contemporary landscape. Ibn Taymiyya, a 14^th-century Islamic theologian and philosopher, proposed profound insights into the concept of the Islamic state that continues to shape contemporary political discourse. Through his version of integrating Islamic law within political authority, Ibn Taymiyya laid the foundations for much of the modern Islamist ideology, influencing groups such as Salafis, Wahhabis, and Jihadist movements.