PERKEMBANGAN PENDEKATAN PEMBANGUNAN KOMUNITI LUAR BANDAR DI MALAYSIA

Abstract

Since independence, a number of community development programs have been introduced in Malaysia to improve the conditions of the marginalized rural communities. One important factor in the success of the programs is the approach taken toward enhancing the well-being of the target groups. Two contrasting approaches to community development have been used in Malaysya: top-down and bottom-up. The top-down approach was predominant from  independence to 1994, and the bottom-up approach from 1994 until today. The top-down approach reflected the prevailing views at the the time when the First Rural Development Transformation Plan was implemented until 1994, when it was replaced by the Second Rural Development Plan.