PENGLIBATAN POLITIK DAN PENINDASAN KE ATAS IKHWAN AL-MUSLIMIN DALAM SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN POLITIK MESIR, 1928-2005

Abstract

The early 20th century witnessed the birth of many great Muslim reformists who carried out efforts to uplift the deteriorating conditions of the Muslim Ummah. Among these great reformists was Hassan al-Banna, the founder of the well-known Islamic movement called Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brotherhood). The impact made by Hassan al-Banna and the movement he founded is not limited to the sphere of Egyptian politics, but encompases the Muslim world as a whole. The rapid development of Ikhwan al-Muslimin caught the attention of the British and the Egyptian government of that time. In order to curb the expansion of the movement the British with the collusion of the Egyptian movement had taken several drastic measures to crush the movement by imprisoning its leaders and followers. Though Ikhwan al-Muslimin was suppressed and banned, they still managed to exert influence on the development of politics, economics and education in Egypt. The approach adopted by the movement had touched the hearts of many people in Egypt. In recent developments, Ikhwan al-Muslimin has managed to gain massive from the people of Egypt and this was manifested in the 2005 general election in which the group emerged as the strongest opposition in the Egyptian Parliament.