CURRENT TREND AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) – A REVIEW

Received 2022-03-25; Accepted 2022-09-22; Published 2022-12-31

Authors

  • Nordina Syamira Mahamad Shabudin Community Health Department, Advanced Medical and Dental Research Institute, University of Science, Malaysia.
  • Ahmad Naqib bin Shuid Community Health Department, Advanced Medical and Dental Research Institute, University of Science, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22452/jummec.sp2022no1.18

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder that may appear early during childhood and lasts throughout a person’s life with different symptom severity. Not just that, ASD have also been associated with other neurological diseases such as intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. Genetic or environmental factors may play a role in the development of ASD. Research has shown that changes in specific genes may increase the chance of a child developing ASD. Specific environmental influences may also increase the risk of developing ASD. Most people often misinterpret ASD behaviors.  Families of patients with ASD often overlook ASD as a redundant disease that does not need proper medical attention. This situation might result from family’s ego state, lacking knowledge of ASD and the cost required for diagnosing and treating ASD patients. Lacking knowledge among people with ASD patient indicates that there is not much information about ASD. Thus, this review aims to disseminate knowledge and provide updates on ASD. This review will also highlight the challenges in screening techniques used to detect autism. This review will also discuss the possible risks of developing autism and recent advances in ASD related research.

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Globally, the prevalence of both communicable and non-communicable diseases has reached pandemic levels. The prevalence of diseases including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity is worldwide. With the help of technology, many of the most severe infectious diseases of the 20th century may now be fought. These disorders are conditions that develop over an extended period of time as a result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors, especially the non-communicable diseases. The goal of this Special Issue, "Combating disease: Current trends, risk, treatment and prevention" is to discuss a wide range of disease-related topics, including make studies about the current pandemic season public. We specially encourage articles that offer fresh perspectives on medicine, medical systems, and management including epidemiological studies, basic science of local and systemic responses related to the medical sciences, fundamental research in medical sciences in lowering risk, improving treatment and prevention. All Special issues of JUMMEC follow the exact peer review process as regular papers and are published along with the regular issues of the journal when they are accepted. There are additionally labelled as belonging to a Special Issue and share a particular topic of interest to the scientific community.

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Published

2022-12-31

Issue

Special Issue 1 (2022) Combating disease: Current trends, risk, treatment and prevention

Section

Research article

License

All authors agree that the article, if editorially accepted for publication, shall be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 to allow others to freely access, copy and use research provided the author is correctly attributed, unless otherwise stated. All articles are available online without charge or other barriers to access. However, anyone wishing to reproduce large quantities of an article (250+) should inform the publisher. Any opinion expressed in the articles are those of the authors and do not reflect that of the University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.