ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF IMMUNOPHENOTYPING AND LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION ASSAY IN CLINICAL FLOW CYTOMETRY IN THE FIELD OF PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASES

Received 2022-02-15; Accepted 2022-07-11; Published 2022-12-31

Authors

  • Noor Faralina Zainul Fadziruddin Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
  • Intan Juliana Abd Hamid Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
  • Ilie Fadzilah Hashim Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
  • Zarina Thasneem Zainudeen Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22452/jummec.sp2022no1.10

Abstract

Flow cytometer, a machine that utilizes the usage of light signals, has become one of the important machines or components in the studies of specific cell populations, cell surfaces, or even in detecting intracellular proteins. Due to its multiplex functionalities, while at the same time being very sensitive and specific, flow cytometer, or the technique of flow cytometry, has become a favourable and valuable tool for immunologists and clinicians for initial diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID), especially in studying cellular functional characteristics linked to PID. This paper will review key immunology tests of clinical flow cytometry, specifically in immunophenotyping, T cells classification and lymphocyte proliferation assays for their advantages and limitations in the field of PID. Importance of validation for the assays will be discussed. It is expected that development of validated immunology tests in clinical flow cytometry for PID diagnosis ensure standardized protocols, improve troubleshooting and disease interpretation, and improve the quality in patients’ diagnosis and management.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Globally, the prevalence of both communicable and non-communicable diseases has reached pandemic levels. The prevalence of diseases including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity is worldwide. With the help of technology, many of the most severe infectious diseases of the 20th century may now be fought. These disorders are conditions that develop over an extended period of time as a result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioural factors, especially the non-communicable diseases. The goal of this Special Issue, "Combating disease: Current trends, risk, treatment and prevention" is to discuss a wide range of disease-related topics, including make studies about the current pandemic season public. We specially encourage articles that offer fresh perspectives on medicine, medical systems, and management including epidemiological studies, basic science of local and systemic responses related to the medical sciences, fundamental research in medical sciences in lowering risk, improving treatment and prevention. All Special issues of JUMMEC follow the exact peer review process as regular papers and are published along with the regular issues of the journal when they are accepted. There are additionally labelled as belonging to a Special Issue and share a particular topic of interest to the scientific community.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-31

Issue

Special Issue 1 (2022) Combating disease: Current trends, risk, treatment and prevention

Section

Research article

License

All authors agree that the article, if editorially accepted for publication, shall be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 to allow others to freely access, copy and use research provided the author is correctly attributed, unless otherwise stated. All articles are available online without charge or other barriers to access. However, anyone wishing to reproduce large quantities of an article (250+) should inform the publisher. Any opinion expressed in the articles are those of the authors and do not reflect that of the University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.